Question1: A trauma patient has sustained multiple fractures in a Motor Vehicle Accident (MVA). Complications of musculoskeletal trauma may include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question2: According to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the FASTEST growing drug problem in the United States is:
Question3: Which of the following is MOST LIKELY to be true of a patient who experiences hypoglycemia in the critical care unit?
Question4: The critical care nurse knows that the V1 electrode should be placed:
Question5: Which of the following blood transfusion reactions does NOT necessarily require stopping the transfusion?
Question6: Major complications of trauma include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question7: The critical care nurse should expect renal trauma if a patient presents with which of the following findings?
Question8: Which of the following factors is NOT used to diagnose AMI?
Question9: A critical care nurse is taking over the care of a patient who was admitted during the previous shift. The previous nurse provides a handover, but the information appears to be lacking crucial details about the patient's care. What response by the receiving nurse is BEST?
Question10: Which of the following is NOT considered an exclusion criterion for using fibrinolytic therapy to treat an ischemic stroke?
Question11: Which of the following is responsible for the orchestration of an immune response specific to each foreign protein or antigen?
Question12: A nurse overhears a fellow nurse providing incorrect medical information to a critically ill patient. What should be the nurse's initial response?
Question13: Which of the following is NOT a symptom of an Addisonian crisis?
Question14: A hematoma of brain tissue in which capillaries (and sometimes venules) are damaged by trauma that occurs at the site of impact is known as a(n):
Question15: A critical care nurse realizes that the nursing team seems to struggle with adhering to infection control practices during high work volume periods. Which response LEAST illustrates a systems thinking approach when responding to this issue?
Question16: How long after hospitalization could a patient experience symptoms of Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS)?
Question17: Which of the following is NOT associated with asthma during an acute attack or exacerbation?
Question18: Positive Kernig and Brudzinski signs MOST likely indicate which of the following conditions?
Question19: Your colleague, an experienced ICU nurse, is unfamiliar with a new piece of equipment that has been introduced to the unit. As someone who is familiar with the technology, what would be the BEST approach for you to take?
Question20: The INITIAL assessment of the patient with Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding begins with which of the following?
Question21: The critical care nurse observes that a recently implemented hand-off protocol is not consistently followed by the staff, potentially impacting patient safety. What is the MOST appropriate action?
Question22: Which of the following statements is ACCURATE regarding Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)?
Question23: Which of the following BEST demonstrates clinical inquiry?
Question24: The critical care nurse knows that all of the following will be priority assessment data to gather from a patient suspected of having an acute respiratory infection such as pneumonia EXCEPT:
Question25: A critical care nurse is helping a patient and their family plan end-of-life care. The nurse understands that which of the following is TRUE when planning end-of-life care?
Question26: Which of the follow would BEST describe a secondary brain tumor?
Question27: The classic symptoms of anaphylaxis would include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question28: Which of the following conditions is MOST LIKELY to cause rhabdomyolysis?
Question29: The nurse is caring for a patient in shock who presents as restless and agitated, has a slightly low blood pressure, is tachycardic, tachypneic, and has a weak and thready peripheral pulse upon palpation.
What stage of shock is this patient MOST LIKELY in?
Question30: A patient develops a sudden-onset severe headache, vomiting, and altered consciousness. A CT scan confirms a diagnosis of Intraventricular Hemorrhage (IVH). Which intervention would likely be MOST beneficial for this patient?
Question31: The critical care nurse understands that a patient is at risk of developing Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS) after a lengthy stay in the intensive care unit (ICU).
Which of the following interventions will be the LEAST helpful in preventing this condition from occurring?
Question32: The critical care unit has implemented a new protocol for managing septic patients. However, a nurse notices that after six months of following the protocol, patients' mortality rates remain unchanged.
What should the nurse do FIRST?
Question33: A patient has a sudden onset of unilateral neurological deficits and is getting a head CT to rule out a hemorrhagic stroke. The critical care nurse understands that the likelihood of this being a hemorrhagic stroke is which of the following?
Question34: Which of the following is TRUE about how all forms of cardiomyopathy affect cardiac output (CO)?
Question35: Patients with neurological Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion (SIADH) may be treated with:
Question36: Diagnostic laboratory values indicative of heart failure include:
Question37: A patient who is about to undergo a TAVR asks the critical care nurse, "How long after this will I start to feel better?" Which response by the nurse is BEST?
Question38: Findings specific to Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question39: A Muslim patient in the ICU refuses to eat the hospital food because he is unsure if it meets Halal standards. What response by the nurse is BEST?
Question40: A patient in the ICU who has been previously alert and oriented has become acutely restless and agitated. The patient is having difficulty concentrating and seems disoriented to time. What is the MOST likely diagnosis?
Question41: Following a craniotomy, patients are at risk for increased Intracranial Pressure (ICP) and should be carefully assessed and monitored for this possible post-operative complication. Increasing ICP may be evident by signs and symptoms of Cushing response.
Which of the following is NOT a vital sign change seen in Cushing response?
Question42: A 62-year-old man with diabetes is not adhering to his medication regimen. What would be the BEST approach for the nurse to take in this case?
Question43: Which of the following is NOT an example of how the body compensates for metabolic alkalosis?
Question44: A patient's family disagrees with the treatment plan proposed by the healthcare team. As the patient's nurse, which of the following responses is BEST?
Question45: All of the following interventions are appropriate for a patient with Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA) EXCEPT:
Question46: The critical care nurse notes that a patient's central venous pressure (CVP) is currently 2 and systolic blood pressure (SBP) is 70. Based on these findings, what clinical intervention is a priority?
Question47: The critical care nurse is about to administer a medication when one of their colleagues asks "Are you sure that is the correct dose?" Which of the following competencies from the AACN's Synergy Model is the nurse's colleague exhibiting?
Question48: Which of the following is contraindicated during an acute asthma attack due to its delayed onset of action?
Question49: Within 3 hours of recognizing symptoms of severe sepsis, all the following interventions should be implemented EXCEPT:
Question50: All of the following interventions would be appropriate for a patient with flail chest EXCEPT:
Question51: A nurse is taking care of a critically ill patient on a ventilator. She comes across a new article suggesting a change in the positioning method to improve patient outcomes with patients who have the same condition her patient has. What is the BEST response by the nurse?
Question52: What is the MOST common cause of a Large-Bowel Obstruction (LBO) in the United States?
Question53: The nurse is caring for a patient who has been diagnosed with Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS) and is in a com a.
All of the following statements regarding HHS are true EXCEPT:
Question54: Pain in the elderly patient is often reported differently than that of a younger patient due to all of the following changes that accompany aging EXCEPT:
Question55: Factors that increase the risk of critically ill patients developing sepsis include all the following EXCEPT:
Question56: Which of the following conditions is the result of pressure changes in the stomach that occur with severe and prolonged vomiting, causing tears in the lining of the esophagus?
Question57: A patient with a blood glucose of less than 60 mg/dl who is diaphoretic, conscious and oriented should receive:
Question58: The critical care nurse has just completed hemodynamic numbers on his patient. He reports the following:
* CO: 5
* CVP: 6
* PAWP: 9
* SVR: 900
* PVR: 200
* LVSWI: 50
Based on these clinical findings, what intervention is indicated?
Question59: The nurse is caring for a patient with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC). The doctor has ordered heparin for this patient. The nurse understands that heparin is used in DIC because it:
Question60: Which of the following fractures is MOST LIKELY to cause hypovolemic shock?
Question61: The ICU nurse is helping an elderly patient to understand how to use a new home blood pressure monitor. The patient appears confused and asks the same questions repeatedly. What is the BEST strategy the nurse should use to facilitate learning in this situation?
Question62: An adolescent patient with severe asthma has the following arterial blood gas (ABG) results:
pH 7.35; PaO2 81 mmHg; PaCO2 52 mmHg; and HCO3- 29 mEq/L
Choose the condition suspected after reviewing her ABG results.
Question63: All postoperative cardiac surgical patients typically develop:
Question64: A charge nurse is planning staffing for the evening shift after having two nurses call out sick. Which of the following AACN Synergy Model competencies is the nurse exhibiting?
Question65: What is the predominant complication of all the cardiomyopathies?
Question66: When teaching a family member to perform an aspect of patient care, the nurse understands that family members:
Question67: The initial care of an acute severe asthma exacerbation involves all the following EXCEPT:
Question68: Of the following, which is NOT a contributing factor to malnutrition in the patient with liver failure?
Question69: INITIAL management of the patient with upper Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding would include:
Question70: Which of the following will NOT precipitate Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disorder (COPD)?
Question71: Which of the following interventions would be INAPPROPRIATE for the patient with SIADH?
Question72: The nurse is caring for a trauma patient with a severe head injury and subsequent Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI). The patient currently has a blood pressure of 143/75, a mean arterial pressure of 98 and an Intracranial Pressure (ICP) measurement of 29 mm Hg, monitored via an intraventricular catheter.
What is the patient's Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP)?
Question73: All of the following clinical situations may affect the accuracy of POC blood glucose measurements EXCEPT:
Question74: A nurse is unsure whether a certain intervention is evidence-based. What action should the nurse take?
Question75: The critical care nurse is caring for a patient with sinus bradycardia who may require transvenous pacing. The patient's QT interval is 0.52 seconds. The critical care nurse realizes that which of the following is MOST LIKELY?
Question76: A patient who has just undergone an open reduction and internal fixation of the forearm is complaining of increased pain that is not relieved by medication. The nurse also notes that the patient's hand appears pale and the patient cannot move his fingers. What is the MOST appropriate nursing action?
Question77: The charge nurse arrives at work for an ICU shift to discover that his coworker has called out sick and has been replaced with a float pool nurse. The float nurse is oriented to the ICU environment. However, she is not competent to care for patients on ventilators.
The float nurse states that she will care for the ventilator patients if shown what to do. The charge nurse should:
Question78: The critical care nurse and a student nurse are caring for a patient who has recently experienced a blunt chest traum a. The student nurse suggests considering drawing a troponin T level on this patient. Which of the following responses by the nurse is best?
Question79: Which of the following rapid-acting insulins has an onset of 30 minutes, peaks between hours two and five, and lasts a total of eight hours?
Question80: A critical care nurse has noticed a pattern of delayed wound healing among patients on the unit. What should be the nurse's FIRST step to address this issue?
Question81: Massive transfusion is defined as the administration of more than how many units of blood within 24 hours?
Question82: The doctrine of informed consent encompasses four elements. Which of the following is NOT one of these elements of informed consent?
Question83: Which of the following interventions is NOT LIKELY to be a priority in managing a patient with meningitis?
Question84: A patient returns to the ICU after undergoing a wedge resection. Which of the following BEST describes how this patient should be positioned?
Question85: When advocating for a patient, the nurse should guide the patient through all the following EXCEPT:
Question86: What is the body's first line of defense against infection?
Question87: Which of the following BEST describes Cheyne-Stokes respiration?
Question88: An acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is MOST LIKELY to cause which of the following acid-base disorders?
Question89: A patient admitted with an acute spinal cord injury at the T6 level has developed a sudden increase in blood pressure and heart rate. Which of the following actions would be most appropriate for the nurse to take FIRST?
Question90: Which of the following diagnostic tests is considered the "gold standard" for diagnosis of pulmonary hypertension?
Question91: The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is a tool to measure neurologic status and level of consciousness (LOC) in a critically ill patient. Response is determined in three overall categories. Which of the following is NOT one of these categories when assessing a patient utilizing this scale?
Question92: The nurse is caring for a patient with a serum potassium level of 8.2 mEq/L secondary to acute renal failure (ARF). Which ECG changes correlate with this potassium level?
Question93: The MOST common electrolyte abnormality of a bowel obstruction is:
Question94: Platelets initiate the coagulation process at the site of blood vessel injury. Quantitative platelet disorders, such as thrombocytopenia, are associated with bleeding when the platelet count drops to less than:
Question95: Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for the development of a Large Bowel Obstruction (LBO)?
Question96: Acute liver failure, also known as Fulminant Hepatic Failure (FHF), is defined by a coagulation abnormality and:
Question97: An array of factors cause plaque to become susceptible to tearing and rupture. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of plaque at an increased risk for rupture?
Question98: When performing an assessment of renal function, a normal BUN-to-creatinine ratio is:
Question99: Which of the following medications is NOT a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI)?
Question100: Which of the following is the LEAST effective method of preventing atelectasis in a patient who has just undergone a thoracic surgery?
Question101: In the critically ill patient with dementia, all of the following would be helpful interventions to include in the plan of care EXCEPT:
Question102: The nurse is caring for a patient with acute coronary syndrome (ACS), and has an order to obtain an ECG for further evaluation.
Which of the following leads assists in the diagnosis of hemiblock, a common cause of coronary artery disease (CAD)?
Question103: The critical care nurse is caring for a patient after undergoing a decortication procedure. The nurse understands that this is a type of thoracic surgery performed to:
Question104: An ICU patient requests to use acupuncture to manage their pain instead of medication after an appendectomy they are about to undergo. What response by the nurse is BEST?
Question105: Which of the following is the MOST definitive test for the diagnosis of aortic dissection?
Question106: Which of the following findings is associated with cardiac tamponade?
Question107: The nurse is providing care for a patient who is of Asian heritage. Which of the following does the nurse understand to be TRUE?
Question108: All of the following are signs and symptoms of aortic dissection EXCEPT:
Question109: Interpret the following Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) result:
pH 7.57, PaCO2 31, HCO3 24
Question110: The ONLY universal sign of acute pancreatitis is:
Question111: Conditions that must be ruled out as causes of coma prior to testing for death by neurologic criteria (brain death) include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question112: Mary is a 60-year-old patient who has been diagnosed with stage 4 pancreatic cancer. She is alert and oriented, and has stated she wants a DNR order in place. Furthermore, she wishes to remain in her home, where she is most comfortable, and not undergo any aggressive life-saving treatments.
Which collaborative process would be MOST beneficial to Mary?
Question113: What is the MOST important indicator of cerebral functioning in the critically ill patient?
Question114: Which of the following is a serious complication for a patient in Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Question115: Which of the following is the MOST common cause of hemothorax?
Question116: The critical care nurse is caring for a patient who is about to undergo cardiac transplantation. Which of the following statements made by the patient does NOT require further teaching by the nurse?
Question117: The nurse is caring for a patient with irreversible Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS).
According to the updated international sepsis care guidelines, the nurse should request a palliative care consult as early as possible, but no later than within:
Question118: Which of the following conditions would be the MOST probable cause of the acid-base imbalance of uncompensated respiratory alkalosis?
Question119: Which of the following is MOST likely to improve the comprehension of a patient who speaks English, but with limited proficiency?
Question120: A 69-year-old female patient in with a diagnosis of hepatic failure is admitted due to an extremely reduced appetite for the last two weeks, fatigue, and weakness. Her son, who cares for her, is very concerned about her nutritional status.
The critical care nurse expects the following laboratory testing to be done to evaluate for malnutrition:
Question121: Which of the following is NOT one of the eight competencies identified in the AACN Synergy Model?
Question122: Which of the following is NOT a component of the Cardiac Index (CI) formula?
Question123: Which of the following is NOT a general principle for creating a teaching plan?
Question124: All the following are psychological responses to sleep deprivation in the critically ill patient EXCEPT:
Question125: The nurse is caring for a patient in the cardiac ICU and notes the following characteristics on the ECG strip: a heart rate of 150 with a regular rhythm, P waves that are not visible, and a normal QRS complex.
Which of the following types of arrhythmia is the patient MOST likely experiencing?
Question126: All of the following are evidence-based treatment approaches in the acute management of Myocardial Infarction (MI) EXCEPT:
Question127: Analyze and interpret the following ABG results:
* pH: 7.28
* PaCO2: 47 mmHg
* HCO3: 21 mEq/L
Question128: Which ECG leads will BEST show an acute inferior wall Myocardial Infarction (MI)?
Question129: Which of the following findings is NOT part of the trauma triad, also called the triangle of death?
Question130: A 55-year-old patient with advanced heart failure has been admitted to your ICU. A heated discussion occurs between the patient's family and the healthcare team over the use of aggressive treatments versus comfort measures. The patient's advance directive is unclear. How should you, as the critical care nurse, BEST approach this situation?
Question131: Following a craniotomy, a patient develops a fever, headache, and lethargy. A CT scan reveals a subdural empyem a. What is the MOST likely causative organism for this condition?
Question132: If a patient has a history of emphysema, which of the following values would MOST LIKELY be seen on Arterial Blood Gases (ABGs)?
Question133: Which of the following BEST describes advocacy in nursing?
Question134: Which acid-base imbalance is often manifested in patients with hyperkalemia?
Question135: ECG changes in the patient experiencing hyperkalemia may include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question136: If compartment syndrome is suspected, what is the MOST accurate way to diagnose this condition?
Question137: You have just started working in a new critical care unit and observe your preceptor performing a complex procedure in a way you have never seen before. What should your next course of action be?
Question138: The MOST common type of cardiomyopathy is:
Question139: Signs of volume overload in a critically ill patient may include all the following EXCEPT:
Question140: An ICU patient decides not to undergo a recommended surgery due to personal religious beliefs. The patient's spouse insists the patient should undergo the surgery. How should the nurse respond?
Question141: Which of the following is NOT an absolute contraindication for fibrinolytic therapy?
Question142: Which of the following tests BEST evaluates for an occluded chest tube?
Question143: In the patient with acute gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding, initial estimates of blood loss are MOST reliably guided by:
Question144: The nurse provides written educational materials to an adult patient who speaks English as their first language. He realizes that the patient is struggling to read and understand it. Which of the following responses is BEST?
Question145: Natural defenses consist of physiologic and anatomic barriers to antigens within the body. These barriers include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question146: Your patient's diagnosis is respiratory failure. Which arterial blood gas (ABG) value would you expect?
Question147: The nurse is caring for a patient with an Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (aSAH). The nurse understands that the patient is MOST at risk for which of the following?
Question148: An ICU nurse suspects a healthcare provider is exhibiting unprofessional behavior that could harm a patient. What response by the nurse is BEST?
Question149: The nurse is caring for a critically ill patient with a history of treatment for depression. The patient tells the nurse, "I want to die. My life is not worth living anymore." The nurse should implement all of the following into the patient's plan of care EXCEPT:
Question150: A 69-year-old female presented to the emergency department with diaphoresis and severe dyspne a. A pulse oximeter revealed 85% oxygen saturation. Oxygen at 4 L/min was started via nasal cannula, and an ECG was performed and showed left ventricular hypertrophy and a Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB). Her chest x-ray showed an enlarged cardiac silhouette and bilateral infiltrates. The nurse secured IV access, and the patient was started on a dobutamine drip and given IV furosemide.
The PRIMARY purpose of starting the dobutamine infusion and administering the furosemide is to:
Question151: The purpose of which of the following is to inform patients of their rights regarding decisions towards their own medical care, and to ensure that these rights are communicated by the healthcare provider?
Question152: A critical care nurse is caring for a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Which of the following interventions performed in the care of this patient is an example of systems thinking, a core nurse competency as defined in the Synergy Model for Patient Care?
Question153: Which of the following statements made about aortic dissection by a student nurse requires correction by the critical care nurse?
Question154: A 54-year old female is admitted after being found unconscious in a nearby park. She has remained unconscious and, upon assessment, the critical care nurse notes respiratory depression, hypotension, and miosis. The nurse anticipates which of the following drugs will be administered?
Question155: A patient was recently involved in a pedestrian accident in which he was struck by a truck. His chest primarily absorbed the impact. The patient is experiencing frequent runs of ventricular tachycardi a. The critical care nurse recognizes that which of the following is CORRECT?
Question156: A patient's daughter asks you to pray with her for her mother's recovery, even though you are not of the same religious affiliation as the patient or their daughter. Which of the following responses is BEST?
Question157: A patient who is being treated for chest trauma from a motor vehicle accident complains of pain that is described as a tearing sensation between his scapulas. Which of the following interventions is MOST important?
Question158: Which of the following is MOST LIKELY to occur with aortic stenosis?
Question159: A patient in the critical care unit is exhibiting signs of agitation. Which of the following interventions is NOT recommended for this patient?
Question160: When caring for a female Muslim patient, what factor is MOST important to consider and implement into the plan of care?
Question161: Which of the following methods is MOST LIKELY to be used to treat arteriovenous malformations in a patient who is having acute intracranial hemorrhage?
Question162: All of the following laboratory values indicate a diagnosis of Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) EXCEPT:
Question163: Which of the following conditions may result from massive fluid resuscitation in the trauma patient?
Question164: Which of the following is the MOST LIKELY early symptom to occur with an aortic aneurysm?
Question165: What is the MOST common cause of Large-Bowel Obstruction (LBO) in the United States?
Question166: Meperidine, a short-acting opioid, is avoided in patients taking monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) because of the potential for development of:
Question167: An intravenous drug user presents with fever, malaise, and pain in the distal left humerus. Imaging studies show evidence of bone destruction. What is the MOST likely diagnosis?
Question168: Which of the following medications does NOT need to be discontinued by a patient who has recently been diagnosed with pulmonary fibrosis?
Question169: The critical care nurse understands that the MOST important indicator of elevated Intracranial Pressure (ICP) is:
Question170: You're the nurse caring for a patient who has recently been placed on a ventilator. The patient's spouse is clearly distressed and asks to speak with you privately. They tell you they're unsure if they can handle seeing their spouse this way and want to know if the ventilator is really necessary. How should you respond?
Question171: Hyponatremia is MOST commonly associated with:
Question172: Your patient just underwent a renal transplant. In the immediate postoperative period, which of the following urine output levels would you expect to observe in this patient?
Question173: What is the recommended bolus dosage range of intravenous administration of fentanyl?
Question174: Which of the following statements about Brugada syndrome is CORRECT?
Question175: Which of the following MOST accurately reflects systems thinking on the part of experienced nurses when working with new nurses on a critical care unit?
Question176: Which of the following aspects of nursing care is associated with decreasing the risk of a catheter- associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI)?
Question177: In the treatment of acute coronary syndrome (ACS), which of the following pharmacologic therapies works by increasing ventricular filling time?
Question178: What is the nonsurgical intervention for the treatment of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD)?
Question179: A patient is admitted to the ICU after a phencyclidine (PCP) overdose. The nurse that knows major signs and symptoms of PCP overdose include violent behavior and hallucinations. What else should the nurse monitor for in this patient?
Question180: The nurse is caring for a 77-year-old male patient admitted from home, where he was living alone, with worsening heart failure. Upon assessment, the nurse notes a pressure ulcer on the patient's sacrum. The wound extends through the dermis with visible full thickness tissue loss, but there is no visible bone, tendon, or muscle. There is a thick yellow, malodorous discharge present.
This pressure ulcer is likely a:
Question181: A competent patient with terminal cancer refuses further chemotherapy and wants to be transferred to a hospice for palliative care. However, the healthcare team believes further treatment could extend the patient's life. What should the nurse do?
Question182: Which of the following BEST describes a carotid endarterectomy?
Question183: A critical care nurse who is assuming care of a trauma patient asks the outgoing nurse why the patient's room is being kept cool. This is an example of which of the following?
Question184: A critically ill patient's family is struggling with the decision to withdraw life-sustaining treatment. What is the BEST way for the nurse to approach this situation?
Question185: Which of the following arterial blood gas (ABG) values indicate acute respiratory failure (ARF)?
Question186: Nursing strategies to prevent delirium in a critically ill patient include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question187: All of the following are accurate regarding Acute Myocardial Infarction (AMI) EXCEPT:
Question188: Which of the following are signs of hypovolemic shock?
Question189: Which of the following best describes a burr hole?
Question190: Which of the following are the major signs and symptoms of pulmonary embolism (PE)?
Question191: A patient with Brugada syndrome ask the critical care nurse, "What can I do to reduce my risk of getting Brugada syndrome?" Which of the following responses is BEST?
Question192: Which of the following interventions BEST describes the focus of managing a thoracic aortic aneurysm?
Question193: Which of the following BEST describes the nurse's responsibility for reporting suspected elder abuse?
Question194: Which of the following is LEAST effective in helping to reduce the risk of aspiration in patients who are receiving enteral feedings?
Question195: Which of the following statements is TRUE regarding epinephrine and norepinephrine?
Question196: How many organs must be affected for organ damage to be considered Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome (MODS)?
Question197: Which of the following categories of leukocytes appear during an allergic reaction?
Question198: An 82-year-old female arrives at the emergency department with complaints of abdominal cramping, nausea and diarrhe a. She has a history of renal failure and diabetes mellitus. The nurse establishes an IV line and draws the patient's blood for lab studies. The patient's serum potassium level is 6.5 mEq/L.
Which of the following ECG changes should the nurse expect in this patient?
Question199: The critical care nurse is assisting a colleague in treating a patient who is developing an Addisonian crisis. Which of the following interventions by the critical care nurse's colleague requires correction when observed by the nurse?
Question200: Your patient is admitted following a severe traumatic brain injury. They have bilateral periorbital ecchymosis. Which of the following is the MOST LIKELY cause of this condition?
Question201: Battle's sign is associated with which of the following types of skull fracture?
Question202: A nurse is instructing a patient with an aortic aneurysm on signs of aortic dissection. Which of the following is NOT a sign of aortic dissection?
Question203: During their shift, a nurse realizes that a medication error occurred on the previous shift. The nurse responsible for the error is not currently on duty. What is the MOST appropriate course of action?
Question204: Analyze and interpret the following ABG results:
* pH: 7.30
* PaCO2: 68 mmHg
* HCO3: 28 mEq/L
Question205: The nurse is caring for a 27-year-old female with a diagnosis of Acute Renal Failure (ARF) related to severe hemorrhage and subsequent hypotension following a car accident. The critical care nurse understands the patient's renal failure to be characterized as:
Question206: A patient who is scheduled for a TAVR is found to have a previously implanted prosthetic tissue aortic valve. Which of the following is TRUE for the scheduled procedure?
Question207: The MOST life-threatening event of acute adrenal crisis is:
Question208: Which of the following medications is LEAST LIKELY to be used to treat a patient who has shortness of breath related to pulmonary fibrosis?
Question209: Which of the following is MOST LIKELY to be the cause of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Question210: Which of the following questions is BEST to screen a patient for neglect?
Question211: A lethal dysrhythmia often found in chest trauma patients, often from cardiac tamponade, is known as:
Question212: Patients with gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding are at GREATEST risk of developing which of the following?
Question213: Initial treatment for a pulmonary contusion includes all of the following EXCEPT:
Question214: In the nursing practice, which of the following is the obligation to be faithful to commitments and promises and uphold the implicit and explicit commitments to patients, colleagues, and employers?
Question215: The usual number of ribs visible on a chest x-ray without a depressed diaphragm is:
Question216: All of the following are common signs/symptoms of Acute Renal Failure (ARF) EXCEPT:
Question217: Which of the following is important for a nurse to follow for a patient who has a Haemophilus influenzae infection?
Question218: What is considered the "gold standard" for diagnosing a pulmonary embolism?
Question219: A female patient, pregnant at 36 weeks, presented to the hospital with placental abruption and was diagnosed with Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC). The patient is now admitted to the ICU, immediately post-partum.
Initial findings upon assessment of this patient may include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question220: Which of the following interventions is KEY for a patient who is experiencing a transfusion related acute lung injury (TRALI)?
Question221: Peak flow measurement is one of the best assessment tools for determining the severity of status asthmatics or acute asthma exacerbations. Severe bronchoconstriction is generally diagnosed when the patient fails to respond to aggressive bronchodilator treatments in combination with a peak expiratory flow rate of:
Question222: A patient who underwent kidney transplantation one week ago is found to have increased creatinine levels, fever, and graft tenderness. These symptoms MOST likely suggest which of the following?
Question223: What is the MOST common cause of acquired long QT-syndrome (LQTS)?
Question224: In which of the following structures within the conduction system of the heart do second- and third- degree Atrioventricular (AV) blocks originate?
Question225: When communicating content to a critical care patient during a teaching session, which of the following is MOST important?
Question226: International guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock recommend which of the following as the FIRST-CHOICE vasopressor agent?
Question227: A patient who has acute gastrointestinal bleeding was given two units of blood and was started on an octreotide drip four hours ago. The patient begins experiencing noncardiogenic pulmonary edema.
Which of the following is MOST LIKELY true?
Question228: A 61-year-old male with a history of Congestive Heart Failure (CHF) presents with a worsening of his pulmonary congestion. He has a history of hypertension and has been diagnosed with myocardial hypertrophy. The echocardiogram showed an ejection fraction of 60%.
Which of the following is the MOST probable underlying abnormality?
Question229: Which of the following is MOST LIKELY to occur in a patient who is experiencing a Transfusion-Related Acute Lung Injury (TRALI)?
Question230: A Spontaneous Breathing Trial (SBT) should be terminated if the patient exhibits which of the following criteria?
Question231: Which of the following is MOST LIKELY to cause idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis?
Question232: All the following patients are at risk for developing SIADH (the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone) EXCEPT:
Question233: Which of the following is TRUE when considering screening patients for abuse?
Question234: Which of the following ECG changes do patients with hypocalcemia often demonstrate?
Question235: Which of the following can be a complication of positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP)?
Question236: The nurse and physician have differing opinions about the best plan of care for a patient, even after trying to reach a consensus. What is the BEST way for the nurse to handle this situation?
Question237: Which of the following is LEAST LIKELY to be an indicator of infiltration?
Question238: Which of the following is NOT one of the main methods initially used to diagnose injury of a patient who has experienced abdominal trauma?
Question239: The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) is often used for critically ill patients to monitor their neurologic status.
Which of the following is NOT a category that the score is based upon?
Question240: Intracranial aneurysms usually occur in the:
Question241: What is the MOST common cause of ischemic stroke?
Question242: Which of the following is TRUE regarding reducing patients' risk of infection while they are in the critical/intensive care unit?
Question243: What is the MOST common cause of portal hypertension?
Question244: Which of the following is LEAST LIKELY to be a complication of immobility in the ICU patient?
Question245: An ICU nurse learns that a patient who is not able to make decisions for themselves has a Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order, but the patient's family asks the nurse to resuscitate if the patient's condition deteriorates. What is the appropriate action for the nurse?
Question246: Which of the following enzymes is considered to be the MOST sensitive as a marker of pancreatitis?
Question247: Proper bedside cardiac monitoring for arrhythmia detection includes:
Question248: A patient has been complaining of tearing pain in their chest and is about to be tested for a possible aortic aneurysm. The patient calls the nurse into the room and tells them "my pain just suddenly went away on its own." Which of the following responses is CORRECT?
Question249: The family of a critical care patient wants to be involved in their care. How should you facilitate this family member's learning?
Question250: Which of the following is NOT considered a component of the set of symptoms known as the trauma triad or the triangle of death?
Question251: Of the following medications given in the critical care setting, which has the LEAST potential for the development of tolerance or dependence?
Question252: Early signs of sepsis include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question253: How is the pain of a thoracic aneurysm FREQUENTLY described?
Question254: When considering weaning a patient from a ventilator, which of the following criteria indicates the patient is NOT ready to be weaned?
Question255: Which of the following is the MOST important reason for treating ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) in the critical care setting?
Question256: Which of the following is LEAST LIKELY to be an expected benefit of developing an interprofessional plan of care?
Question257: What is the MOST SEVERE form of Heart Failure (HF)?
Question258: The nurse is caring for a newly-admitted patient in the ICU who was found unconscious on the street and was discovered to be in Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) with a blood sugar of 695. The patient is homeless, has had multiple admissions for DKA, and could benefit from the use of an insulin pump, but states that they have repeatedly been told, "Those are for insured patients who can afford them." What ethical principle supports this patient's right to have an insulin pump?
Question259: The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old patient who was struck by a motorcycle. They sustained multiple injuries, including a fractured pelvis. It has been noted that they are in hypovolemic shock.
Which of the following clinical signs and symptoms indicate the patient is in the compensatory stage of hypovolemic shock?
Question260: Cushing response is:
Question261: A patient has recently undergone surgery for a fracture of the left tibi a. The patient complains of severe pain that is not relieved by analgesics. On examination, you note that the patient's left lower leg is pale. What is the MOST likely explanation of the patient's symptoms?
Question262: Which of the following sets of arterial blood gas (ABG) results indicates acute respiratory failure (ARF) that requires immediate endotracheal intubation?
Question263: Which of the following questions BEST demonstrates systems thinking in response to an incident?
Question264: A 56-year-old male with no significant medical history presents to the ICU with a fever, rapid heart rate, and low blood pressure. He also shows altered mental status. Sepsis is suspected and one set of blood cultures has been obtained; however, three attempts to draw the second set of blood cultures have been unsuccessful. Which of the following next interventions is BEST?
Question265: Which of the following structures relays motor and sensory signals to their appropriate area of the brain, and plays a vital role in sleep, wakefulness, consciousness, learning and memory?
Question266: What is the MOST appropriate initial intervention for a critical care patient showing signs of escalating aggression?
Question267: What organization is responsible for coordinating the allocation of organs based on a nationwide waiting list?
Question268: What of the following adverse effects is MOST IMPORTANT for a nurse to monitor for when administering fosphenytoin (Cerebyx)?
Question269: Which of the following is LEAST LIKELY to be a complication of barbiturate coma therapy?
Question270: A nurse is evaluating recent clinical practice changes in the ICU. The nurse finds that patient outcomes have not improved, despite the literature suggesting they should. What course of action by the nurse is BEST?
Question271: An Asian patient in the ICU with a brain injury has a family who insists on traditional healing practices along with modern medicine. What is the BEST approach for the nurse to take in this situation?
Question272: According to the New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification System, in which class is a patient with cardiac disease which results in slight limitation of physical activity, but who is comfortable at rest?
Question273: Causes of Acute Renal Failure (ARF) may include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question274: A 55-year-old male is admitted with a suspected acute pulmonary embolism (PE). The critical care nurse assessing the patient knows that which of the following is a common clinical manifestation of PE?
Question275: The critical care nurse understands that which of the following coagulation tests is a very specific indicator of fibrinolysis, the natural process within the body that breaks down fibrin clots?
Question276: The critical care nurse is providing treatment to a patient who has been mechanically ventilated for 3 days while being treated for status epilepticus. The nurse notes that the patient has developed dyspnea, hemoptysis, and a fever. The patient is found to have a WBC count of 15,200/mm3.
Which of the following conditions has the patient MOST LIKELY developed?
Question277: Which of the following types of cardiomyopathy may be idiopathic?
Question278: Assessment of a pregnant patient reveals hypertension, proteinuria, and upper abdominal pain. Which of the following should the nurse FIRST suspect?
Question279: Which of the following factors would MOST LIKELY predispose the patient to develop renal failure?
Question280: Which of the following is MOST LIKELY to be true about a patient who is experiencing a hypertensive crisis?
Question281: A patient is intubated with severe fibrosis due to their mechanical ventilation. The critical care nurse recognizes that the patient will never be successfully weaned from the ventilator and is very unlikely to survive. The patient has expressed a desire not to be on long-term life support. The patient's wife would like everything possible done to prolong the patient's life. Which of the following statements made by the nurse to the patient's wife BEST embodies the concept of advocacy?
Question282: Which of the following is a goal of intra-aortic balloon pump therapy?
Question283: The critical care nurse has been assigned a role in improving patient safety in the ICU. What is the BEST way to apply systems thinking in this role?
Question284: A patient with an arterial line does not have a dicrotic notch in their arterial waveform. This is an expected finding if the patient has which of the following?
Question285: Which of the following is MOST LIKELY to precipitated Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA)?
Question286: Which of the following assessment findings would be consistent with a low platelet count from Heparin- Induced Thrombocytopenia (HIT)?
Question287: The ICU nurse is part of a healthcare team that includes physicians, other nurses, respiratory therapists, and dietitians. What BEST describes the nurse's role in this interdisciplinary team?
Question288: Which of the following systems is LEAST important when assessing and evaluating a patient for multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS)?
Question289: The nurse is caring for a newly-admitted patient transferred from the emergency department due to digitalis toxicity. The patient's cardiac strip shows the following:
* Rate: 60 bpm
* Rhythm: irregular
* QRS complex: absent
* PR interval: absent
Which type of dysrhythmia is the patient MOST LIKELY experiencing?
Question290: Which valvular disorder is MOST commonly associated with aortic dissection?
Question291: Many ventilators have a mode that allows the patient to breathe spontaneously without ventilator support. This mode of ventilation is often identified as:
Question292: Being sensitive to diversity while providing care includes understanding:
Question293: Which of the following types of shock is papillary muscle tearing MOST LIKELY to cause?
Question294: Which of the following etiologies is LEAST LIKELY to cause disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) in an obstetric patient?
Question295: The critical care nurse is assuming care for a patient who underwent a thoracotomy one day ago. The nurse anticipates the plan of care for this patient will involve all of the following EXCEPT:
Question296: Humoral immunity is PRIMARILY responsible for:
Question297: Which of the following terms is characterized by blood pressure that rises quickly and severely, relative to the patient's baseline BP, and causes risk of organ damage if NOT treated immediately?
Question298: A terminally ill patient has repeatedly expressed a wish to die at home, but their condition is rapidly deteriorating in the hospital. Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate nursing action?
Question299: The presence of the "spine sign" on a critically ill patient's chest radiograph is indicative of:
Question300: The nurse is caring for a patient with Type 1 diabetes who was admitted after losing consciousness secondary to a severe hypoglycemic episode. The patient reports having had multiple episodes of hypoglycemia and is worried because she cannot tell when they are coming on anymore.
What is the term for this phenomenon?
Question301: Nursing interventions that decrease the incidence of hospital-acquired pneumonia include:
Question302: The drug of choice for managing a patient with status asthmaticus is:
Question303: A 75-year-old patient in the ICU following a carotid endarterectomy is having difficulty sleeping at night.
She complains of frequent noise and light interruptions. What is the MOST appropriate nursing intervention?
Question304: A critical care nurse notices a recent increase in patient falls on the unit. Which of the following represents the BEST initial response utilizing systems thinking?
Question305: The severe hypoxemia present in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) can be attributed to:
Question306: If a chest tube is indicated for removal of pleural fluid, the critical care nurse knows that the tube should be inserted at the:
Question307: You're caring for a Muslim patient who requires life-saving surgery during Ramadan. The patient is hesitant due to fasting customs during this period. Which is the MOST appropriate nursing intervention in this situation?
Question308: The nurse is caring for a patient with an upper gastrointestinal (GI) bleed. After the bleeding site is identified and the bleeding has been controlled, what is the drug of choice to treat acute peptic ulcer bleeding?
Question309: When a patient with flail chest inspires, which of the following should the nurse expect to see?
Question310: Oxygen therapy that lasts longer than 48 hours should NOT exceed:
Question311: A patient's family member expresses concerns about prescribed furosemide due to an article they read online about how it can create fatal heart arrhythmias. What response by the nurse is BEST?
Question312: An ICU patient is prescribed a new medication with several potential side effects. The patient expresses anxiety about the potential downsides of the medication. Which of the following responses by the nurse is BEST?
Question313: In the past, the MOST commonly used drug for the prevention and treatment of delirium in critical care units has been:
Question314: In hyperglycemic crisis, what is the blood glucose reduction target in the first hour of using an insulin infusion?
Question315: An ICU nurse is caring for a patient who is receiving invasive intracranial pressure ((ICP) monitoring. The patient's ICP reading is at 20. Which of the following interventions is MOST appropriate at this time?
Question316: The term "hypotension" does not have a specific definition, however, it is generally understood that that hypotension is assumed to refer to which of the following?
Question317: Which of the following is NOT one of the "five Ps" indicating compartment syndrome?
Question318: A practicing Muslim woman is admitted to the ICU following a severe stroke. She is wearing a headscarf (hijab). How should the critical care nurse approach the situation during the initial physical assessment?
Question319: A patient is about to be tested for abdominal compartment syndrome. Which of the following actions take by the nurse in anticipation of testing the patient's intra-abdominal pressure is CORRECT?
Question320: An ICU nurse learns that a patient who is not able to make decisions for themselves has a Do Not Resuscitate (DNR) order, but the patient's family asks the nurse to resuscitate if the patient's condition deteriorates. What is the appropriate action for the nurse?
Question321: Why does a Subdural Hematoma (SDH) occur?
Question322: Which of the following are associated with cardiac tamponade?
Question323: Which of the following is a classic finding in cardiac tamponade?
Question324: A plan to teach wound care to the wife of a patient has been implemented. The wife has not been successful in demonstrating the skill. Which intervention would be the MOST appropriate next step?
Question325: Which of the following statements made by a new nurse about ethical principles indicates that they understand the purpose of ethical principles?
Question326: The MOST common electrolyte abnormality exhibited in a critically ill patient is:
Question327: A 69-year-old female with a history of hearing-impairment was admitted to the medical-surgical unit for syncope four days ago. The nurse notes that the patient has been intermittently confused over the past
12 hours, appears more withdrawn, and is not interacting with her visitors as much today as usual.
What is the MOST appropriate nursing action?
Question328: Which of the following therapeutic communication techniques is MOST effective in managing a patient experiencing acute anxiety about an upcoming surgical procedure?
Question329: When treating a patient with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), intravenous (IV) isotonic 0.9% sodium chloride (normal saline) administered prior to insulin administration will:
Question330: You observe another nurse come into the room of one of your patients who is in the ICU for ARDS (Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome). You observe the patient inserting their finger into your patient's vagin a. The nurse is not assigned to your patient nor are they supposed to be performing any care in the room. The patient is heavily sedated and on a ventilator. Which of the following actions is MOST important?
Question331: The patient undergoing a cardiac catheterization should ideally be NPO for at least:
Question332: Which of the following is LEAST LIKELY to be a sign of cardiac tamponade?
Question333: Of the following, the MOST common cause of Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation (DIC) is:
Question334: Which of the following cranial nerves is responsible for lateral eye movement?
Question335: Which of the following best describes a FAST exam?
Question336: A patient with central Diabetes Insipidus (DI) arrives in the emergency department unconscious. The patient receives vasopressin (Pitressin) therapy. The critical care nurse understands this drug must be used cautiously in patients with:
Question337: Evidence-based strategies to prevent CLABSIs (central line-associated bloodstream infections) include replacing transparent central line dressings whenever damp, soiled, or loose, or at least every:
Question338: The critical care nurse observes an increasing number of instances of pressure ulcers in critically ill patients following prolonged surgical procedures. He asks the nurse manager for assistance in turning this observation into a clinical study.
This is an example of:
Question339: Which of the following interventions are appropriate for the newly diagnosed patient with prerenal oliguria?
Question340: Which of the following symptoms, if appreciated in a patient with an aortic aneurysm, is MOST likely to indicate aortic dissection?
Question341: An African American patient in the critical care unit insists on having only African American nurses. How should the critical care nurse respond?
Question342: EMS arrives at the emergency department with a patient who swallowed around 175 mL of a caustic lye- based cleaning solution approximately 45 minutes prior.
Which treatment should be initiated IMMEDIATELY upon arrival?
Question343: Which of the following patients is MOST LIKELY to have Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHS)?
Question344: A patient with multiple traumatic injuries is ALWAYS presumed to have:
Question345: Which of the following BEST describes how pneumonia develops from hematogenous spread?
Question346: A patient is immune compromised and on a ventilator. Their family would like to perform a tribal ritual that involves sacrificing a live chicken in the presence of the patient and having them drink some of the chicken's blood. They inform the nurse that this ritual is a vital healing ritual in their culture and that the patient will be cursed in the afterlife if the ritual is not performed. Which response by the nurse is BEST?
Question347: A patient tells the critical care nurse that they are confused about the differences between status asthmaticus and acute respiratory failure (ARF) caused by asthm a. Which of the following explanations is MOST CORRECT?
Question348: A patient who has type 1 diabetes is taking metformin to treat their blood sugars instead of insulin.
Which of the following is MOST LIKELY to occur?
Question349: Which of the following is MOST important for preventing PICS in a critical care patient?
Question350: Which of the following conditions affects and alters pulmonary perfusion?
Question351: The Full Outline of UnResponsiveness (FOUR) score is an assessment of:
Question352: The husband of a burn patient is learning how to clean and dress the patient's wounds in preparation for discharge. What does the nurse need to do FIRST when developing a teaching plan?
Question353: Hallmarks of an acute asthma exacerbation include:
Question354: The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old patient who was struck by a motorcycle. They sustained multiple injuries, including a fractured pelvis. It has been noted that they are in hypovolemic shock.
In addition to central venous pressure, which clinical assessment may indicate adequate fluid volume resuscitation?
Question355: In the SOFA scoring system used for sepsis, which of the following organ systems is NOT assessed?
Question356: Analyze and interpret the following ABG results:
* pH: 7.44
* PaCO2: 25 mmHg
* HCO3: 16 mEq/L
Question357: Several members of a patient's family arrive at the ICU to visit the patient. They ask a multitude of questions about the patient's condition. The nurse's MOST appropriate initial response is to:
Question358: An Epidural Hematoma (EDH) is usually caused by which of the following?
Question359: Which of the following situations BEST demonstrates clinical inquiry?
Question360: Which of the following BEST describes the risk of osteomyelitis associated with pressure injuries?
Question361: A patient is diagnosed with Immune Thrombocytopenic Purpura (ITP). Which treatment option would most likely be initiated FIRST?
Question362: Following an acute Myocardial Infarction (MI), which of the following classes of drugs may reduce mortality rates?
Question363: Which of the following is considered the normal value for SvO2 (mixed venous oxygen saturation)?
Question364: All of the following hemodynamic parameters measure preload EXCEPT:
Question365: Which of the following is the primary carrier of oxygen to body tissues?
Question366: A patient presents to the emergency department after overdosing on propranolol. What antidote(s) would be indicated for this?
Question367: The pathologic processes in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) are characterized by excessive alveolar-capillary membrane permeability, interstitial edema, and diffuse alveolar injury, leading to severe hypoxemia and poor lung compliance. Lung compliance refers to:
Question368: A devout Jewish patient in the ICU requires a non-emergency procedure, but it is the Sabbath. How should the nurse proceed?
Question369: Which of the following drugs is MOST LIKELY to cause rhabdomyolysis when overdosed on?
Question370: The critical care nurse's assessment of a patient reveals a positive Brudzinski sign. Which of the following is TRUE with this finding?
Question371: In a critically ill patient with rapidly developing hypocalcemia, which of the following signs and symptoms would NOT likely manifest?
Question372: The critical care nurse suspects a patient exhibiting which of the following signs and symptoms to be in hypovolemic shock?
Question373: What category/stage is a pressure ulcer that has full thickness of skin loss?
Question374: When providing end-of-life care, which of the following is TRUE regarding inadequate symptom management?
Question375: All of the following signs and symptoms of drug overdose are commonly seen with an opioid overdose EXCEPT:
Question376: Which of the following is TRUE when using a CT scan to evaluate for cerebral ischemia?
Question377: Which of the following organisms is MOST LIKELY to cause community-acquired pneumonias (CAPs)?
Question378: A patient admitted with an Intracranial Hemorrhage (ICH) has worsening neurological symptoms. The patient's Glasgow Coma Scale score has decreased from 13 to 8 within 12 hours. Which management option is likely to be MOST beneficial for this patient?
Question379: A hospital decides to establish a code blue committee to review their responses to cardiac and respiratory arrests. Which of the following AACN Synergy Model competencies does this BEST demonstrate?
Question380: Which of the following statements regarding Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS) is FASLE?
Question381: Which of the following refers to instances in which the principle of beneficence overrides that of autonomy?
Question382: Which of the following conditions requires the MOST immediate attention?
Question383: The nurse is caring for a patient and auscultates a diastolic heart murmur. In which of the following valvular disorders would the nurse anticipate with this finding?
Question384: A patient has been diagnosed with Immune Thrombocytopenia Purpura (ITP). The nurse knows that treatment for this patient may include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question385: A patient with a long history of poorly treated type II diabetes and borderline creatinine elevations is MOST likely to develop which of the following types of kidney disease?
Question386: A patient struggling with a chronic, terminal disease expresses suicidal thoughts to their nurse. Which of the following interventions is MOST important?
Question387: What is the PRIORITY in the postoperative care of an acute aneurysm rupture repair with graft placement?
Question388: In regards to patient restraints, which of the following is an example of a nurse demonstrating the principle of nonmaleficence?
Question389: Using the Berlin definition of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), the term "acute lung injury" (ALI) has been eliminated and replaced by which of the following?
Question390: The ICU nurse is caring for a critically ill patient. The patient's daughter, a nurse in another hospital, insists on performing care tasks for her father. What is the appropriate response for the ICU nurse?
Question391: Who is Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS) MOST LIKELY to affect?
Question392: A patient with an acute COPD exacerbation is MOST likely to have which of the following ABG results?
Question393: The MOST common scenario associated with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) is:
Question394: A patient admitted to the critical care unit undergoing his fourth round of chemotherapy states, "I cannot take it anymore. I wish I could end all this." A priority when caring for this patient's response to stress is to:
Question395: Which of the following factors causes the GREATEST delay in cardiac transplantations?
Question396: A 19-year-old male is brought into the emergency department via ambulance after a severe Motor Vehicle Accident (MVA). The critical care nurse knows the primary survey is vital in revealing immediate life-threatening injuries, and its mnemonic is "ABCDE." What does the "D" in this mnemonic stand for?
Question397: the three main components affecting tissue oxygenation following a chest trauma?
Question398: Which type of generalized seizure is characterized by sudden loss of muscle tone, and is also called drop attacks?
Question399: When diagnosing acute pancreatitis, which of the following criteria MUST be present?
Question400: When providing care to a mechanically ventilated bariatric patient, the BEST weight to use for the tidal volume for the ventilator settings is the:
Question401: Of the following, which is NOT a common complication of a bleeding gastric ulcer that would require emergency surgery?
Question402: Which of the following is NOT a heart rhythm that the nurse should expect to potentially see caused by blunt chest trauma affecting the heart?
Question403: An acute neurological injury associated with severe, sudden onset headache can be due to:
Question404: emergency department with complaints of abdominal cramping, nausea, and diarrhe a. She has a history of renal failure and diabetes mellitus. The nurse establishes an IV line and draws the patient's blood for lab studies. The patient's serum potassium level is 6.3 mEq/L and hyperkalemia is diagnosed.
Pharmacologic management of the patient's hyperkalemia should include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question405: Which of the following is LEAST LIKELY to increase the risk of an aortic aneurism?
Question406: Which of the following laboratory values remains elevated for 14 to 21 days following an acute myocardial infarction (AMI)?
Question407: A critical care nurse is part of an interdisciplinary team developing a new protocol for managing post- operative pain. The team finds that implementing the new protocol improves outcomes for a large majority of patients but is less effective for some. What response to these findings by the nurse is BEST?
Question408: Of the distributive shock syndromes, which of the following is MOST commonly seen in critically ill patients?
Question409: Which of the following statements about the development of cardiomyopathies is ACCURATE?
Question410: Of the following transfusion reactions, which is MOST LIKELY to manifest as acute onset hypoxemia and noncardiogenic pulmonary edema?
Question411: The nurse is caring for a Muslim patient who recently had a stroke. The nurse notes that the patient's family brings prayer mats, praying five times a day in the patient's room, and congesting the care environment during their prayers. Which statement by the nurse to the patient's family is BEST?
Question412: A critical care nurse finds that patients in the unit are often distressed due to the noise level. Which response by the nurse BEST demonstrates systems thinking?
Question413: The ICU nurse understands that an overdose on which of the following substances is MOST dangerous?
Question414: The nurse is caring for a 32-year-old patient who was struck by a motorcycle. The patient sustained multiple injuries, including a fractured pelvis, and is in hypovolemic shock.
Which of the following treatments would be contraindicated in the management of this patient's hypovolemic shock?
Question415: Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG) surgery may result in which of the following immediate postoperative complications?
Question416: Which of the following is the BEST method to assess pain in a critically ill patient who is intubated and nonresponsive?
Question417: The nurse is caring for a patient that goes into ventricular asystole, with no rate or rhythm present on the patient's ECG strip. Occasional P waves show on ECG.
All of the following interventions are recommended for the treatment of asystole EXCEPT:
Question418: A normal Ejection Fraction (EF) is usually over:
Question419: A patient with Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic Syndrome (HHS) asks the nurse, "What caused this condition?" Which of the following responses is BEST?
Question420: Analyze and interpret the ABG results:
* pH: 7.50
* PaCO2: 44 mmHg
* HCO3: 33 mEq/L
Question421: Which of the following is NOT typically considered an important component of an interprofessional plan of care?
Question422: Which of the following BEST describes the risk of infection for trauma wounds?
Question423: Which of the following laboratory values are indicative of a Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic State (HHS)?
Question424: Which of the following BEST describes the function of the papillary muscles?
Question425: A nurse is caring for a patient from a culture that she has never heard of. The patient's family members want to perform a ritual that involves sprinkling dirt on the patient's chest and having a live goat in the room. What response by the nurse is BEST?
Question426: The LEADING complication post-hemorrhage or post-surgical repair of a Subarachnoid Hemorrhage (SAH) is:
Question427: The nurse is caring for a patient with a diagnosis of Syndrome of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone (SIADH). During the initial assessment of this patient, the nurse would expect which of the following complications?
Question428: Of the following, which is NOT a cardinal finding of death by neurologic criteria (brain death)?
Question429: A patient with Cushing response exhibits which of the following?
Question430: Which of the following options is CORRECT when categorizing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy?
Question431: The ethical principle of beneficence is BEST defined as:
Question432: If a patient overdoses on opiates, which sign would MOST LIKELY be clinically manifested?
Question433: Which of the following is the most common surgical procedure used to prevent ischemic strokes?
Question434: Which of the following would be an APPROPRIATE expected outcome for an elderly patient recovering from an acute respiratory infection such as bacterial pneumonia?
Question435: Strategies for preventing the development of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in the critically ill patient include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question436: Which of the following statements MOST accurately describes Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)?
Question437: The nurse is preparing to administer a transfusion for a patient whose English is very poor. The patient seems to have only understood some parts of the blood transfusion consent, but it is vital that the unit of blood be transfused immediately. Any delay so that a professional translator can be contacted may result in death for the patient. What should the nurse do?
Question438: Which cardiac enzyme elevates FIRST in acute cardiac ischemia?
Question439: Of the following, which MOST accurately describes the goal of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring and therapy?
Question440: A patient with pulmonary edema due to left heart failure is MOST likely to present with which of the following symptoms?
Question441: The nurse is caring for a 48-year-old male patient with a history of playing professional soccer. The nurse notes that his cardiac rhythm is irregular, and accelerates and decelerates frequently. He has upright P and R waves in Lead II with a heart rate of 60 bpm.
The nurse knows that his rhythm is MOST LIKELY a demonstration of:
Question442: The nurse is caring for a patient with a history of right-sided heart failure. All of the following signs/symptoms would be associated with this diagnosis EXCEPT:
Question443: Which of the following statements is ACCURATE regarding the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and cardiac biomarkers?
Question444: Which of the following statements MOST accurately represents the Hindu culture's beliefs about healthcare?
Question445: During a code blue, a critical care nurse realizes that the crash cart is not stocked as per the protocol.
What is the systems thinking approach to this issue?
Question446: A patient presents with dyspnea, tachycardia, diaphoresis, and cyanosis. The Arterial Blood Gas (ABG) shows a PaO2 of 55 mmHg, PaCO2 of 30 mmHg, and a pH of 7.48. Which of the following is the MOST likely diagnosis?
Question447: Acute respiratory failure (ARF) can be differentiated from chronic respiratory failure by which of the following characteristics?
Question448: Which of the following transport mechanisms are NOT included in Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy (CRRT)?
Question449: The critical care nurse is caring for a patient with MODS who is not expected to survive and will likely never be a candidate for ventilatory weening. The patient's wife, however, does not want care to be withdrawn, stating that she would like everything possible done to save him. The patient is unable to express his wishes and does not have an advanced directive. Which of the following statements made by the nurse to the patient's wife is most appropriate?
Question450: What is the preferred oxygen delivery method for a patient with COPD and acute respiratory distress?
Question451: Which of the following drugs would NOT be suitable for treating a critically ill patient who is in distributive shock?
Question452: The three components of the intracranial cavity are:
Question453: A patient has paradoxical breathing. Which of the following conditions is MOST LIKELY to cause this?
Question454: Which of the following is LEAST LIKELY to affect the QT interval?
Question455: A patient in the ICU consistently refuses to participate in physical therapy sessions, hindering their recovery process. What is the BEST response by the nurse?
Question456: The patient with which of the following conditions is NOT a good candidate for initiation of thrombolytic therapy?
Question457: What is the normal BUN-to-creatinine ratio?
Question458: An ICU nurse is educating a patient about their newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes. The patient is struggling with understanding the importance of regular glucose monitoring. Which of the following methods is MOST effective for promoting patient learning in this situation?
Question459: A patient with a past diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder is admitted to the critical care unit with diabetes insipidus. As the admission nurse, priorities would include all of the following EXCEPT:
Question460: Which of the following is LEAST LIKELY to be the site of a pressure injury?